POLITICS: PRIMARIES VS. CAUCUSES
Thursday, January 3, 2008

n the summer of every presidential election year, political parties in the United States typically conduct national conventions to choose their presidential candidates. At the conventions, the presidential candidates are selected by groups of delegates from each state. After a series of speeches and demonstrations in support of each candidate, the delegates begin to vote, state-by-state, for the candidate of their choice. The first candidate to receive a preset majority number of delegate votes becomes the party’s presidential candidate. The candidate selected to run for president then selects a vice presidential candidate.
Delegates to the national conventions are selected at the state level, according to rules and formulas determined by each political party’s state committee. While these rules and formulas can change from state-to-state and from year-to-year, there remain two methods by which the states choose their delegates to the national conventions: the caucus and the primary.
THE CAUCUS
Caucuses are simply meetings, open to all registered voters of the party, at which delegates to the party’s national convention are selected. When the caucus begins, the voters in attendance divide themselves into groups according to the candidate they support. The undecided voters congregate into their own group and prepare to be “courted” by supporters of other candidates.
Voters in each group are then invited to give speeches supporting their candidate and trying to persuade others to join their group. At the end of the caucus, party organizers count the voters in each candidate’s group and calculate how many delegates to the county convention each candidate has won.
The caucus process can produce delegates who are bound or “pledged” to vote for the primary winner in voting at the national convention. In other states, some or all delegates are “unpledged” and free to vote for any candidate they wish at the convention.
THE PRIMARY
In states holding them, presidential primary elections are open to all registered voters.
Just like in general elections, voting is done through a secret ballot. Voters may choose from among all registered candidates and write-ins are counted. There are two types of primaries, closed and open. In a closed primary, voters may vote only in the primary of the political party in which they registered. For example, a voter who registered as a Republican can only vote in the Republican primary. In an open primary, registered voters can vote in the primary of either party, but are allowed to vote in only one primary. Most states hold closed primaries. Primary elections also vary in what names appear on their ballots. Most states hold presidential preference primaries, in which the actual presidential candidates’ names appear on the ballot. In other states, only the names of convention delegates appear on the ballot. Delegates may state their support for a candidate or declare themselves to be uncommitted.
As in the caucuses, the primary process can produce both pledged and unpledged convention delegates, depending on the party rules of the various states.






260 Comments
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226.
aijuswannasay
Friday, January 4, 2008 /
SHOUTS OUT TO ANGEL & J DAKAR FOR PROVOKING THE MINDS…
@ BOBBI, “…I HAVE THIS THEORY, ‘WHITE PEOPLE THINK IT,BLACK PEOPLE SAY IT.” LOL! I’M ADOPTING THAT.
NEXT, I THINK WHAT IS COMPLETELY DAMNING IN AND OF ITSELF IS THE AMOUNT OF HOPELESSNESS FROM SOME OF THE BLOGGERS W/ THEIR COMMENTARY…
LET’S NOT GET IT TWISTED! POLITICS IS STILL POLITRICKS, YA KNOW. HOWEVER, WHY ARE SO MANY AFRAID OF BEING WRONG, OF ALLOWING THEMSELVES TO DREAM LIKE A FOOL…? IF WE DON’T ALLOW OUR INDIVIDUAL SELVES TO GO THERE, WHO’S REALLY KEEPING THE SHACKLES ON US??? WHO IS REALLY SETTING THE LIMITS???
IF YOU, (BLACK FOLKS OR PERSONS OF COLOR,) COULD MAKE UP THE PERFECT CANDIDATE THAT SERVED THEIR PURPOSE, AS YOU SEE FIT, YOU MEAN TO SAY THAT YOU WOULDN’T IMAGE THEM TO BE BLACK??? OR ASIAN, OR LATINO…PLEASE. I WOULD LOVE TO HAVE A BLACK PRESIDENT, BUT EVEN I UNDERSTAND THAT IN THE WORLD WE LIVE IN THAT (IF OBAMA WON,) AS PRESIDENT HE WOULD BE A POLITICIAN BEFORE HE WOULD BE A BLACK MAN. THAT’S JUST HOW THE MACHINE WORKS…
BUT I SAY TO MYSELF I AM NOT GOING TO ALLOW THE F*CKERY OF THIS MACHINE ROB ME OF HOPE & BEING PROUD OF HAVING A LEADER THAT LOOKS LIKE ME, THAT THINKS LIKE ME, THAT REPRESENTS BLACK ME…
227.
aijuswannasay
Friday, January 4, 2008 /
^^^*REVISED*
BUT I SAY TO MYSELF I AM NOT GOING TO ALLOW THE F*CKERY OF THIS MACHINE ROB ME OF HOPE & OF BEING PROUD OF HAVING A LEADER THAT LOOKS LIKE ME, THAT THINKS LIKE ME, OR REPRESENT BLACK ME…
228.
LoveRockGlam
Friday, January 4, 2008 /
Once again, I am tired of people assuming that blacks who is supporting Obama is simply doing it based on race. BET isnt an accurate indicator, they are full of pop culture rhetoric and nonsense. The real polls show that more blacks support Clinton, if some of you did your research, you would know that. I feel that black people are being the real skeptics when it comes to this election. I know where he stands and I know what he stands for, I admire the fact that he is willing to restore faith in the government and listen to the American people. He is opened minded and intelligent. I find that many of these so called experienced leaders are too dogmatic and unwilling to listen to the public. I think Obama can bring in a fresh perspective on politics. After Obama I am in support of John Edwards who I feel is genuine and a proven people’s man. They would make a great ticket!!!! I just wish that blacks could stop tearing down this whole thing on the basis of race, he stands as a representation of so much more.
229.
LoveRockGlam
Friday, January 4, 2008 /
As I had written in a comment before, Democrats have done very little for us especially in recent years. They have simply just taken our vote for granted. The very history of the party is questionable yet black voters have been blindly supporting them for over half a century. Yet when presented with a candidate who understands the black community more than any other candidate or president in history, he dont support him. For the first time I am hearing blacks talk about blind voting when they have been doing it in the favor of white men for years. Obama like myself is against partisianship.If your beliefs align with Obama then you arent blind voters. If you like and beleive in Obama because you feel he best represents you because he looks like you then more power to you. I think that Obama as president would benefit the African American population in this country simply because he is a reflection of one like ourselves in a high place. In addition, Obama isn’t running to be the president of BLACK AMERICA he is going to be the president of AMERICA. Open your minds and dont wait for white people to back him before you do.
230.
JaJa
Friday, January 4, 2008 /
@ 228 The polls used to show more blacks supported Clinton but those were months ago things change so quickly, I just want people to educate themselves a learn about these people and where they stand on issues before they vote. Don’t vote based on gender, race, or religion, vote based on who will be the better leader. This is especially important for us youth because we are the future and we need someone who will be able to lead us into that future, don’t go to the polls ignorant and vote based on superficial reasons. I’m not saying Obama is a bad candidate or you shouldn’t vote for him but research him and learn about him and his stances before you vote, don’t vote for him because you want a black president in office.
Look at the last elections, most people voted for Bush because he was a Christian and look where we are now. I’m just saying educate yourselves before you vote. On that note I personally believe (and it is just a personal opinion) that Obama is not ready to lead, he is not clear on what he wants and he needs more experience before he should be president. He would probably make a great president in the future just not now. He has about two years experience in the senate, and many times never showed up to senate votes.
And it is not assuming people are voting based on race (or gender for that matter) just ask people, look at the internet, watch youtube videos, read message boeards, and blogs (this one for example) and the main and sometimes only reason people want to vote for Obama is because of his race and never give any other credible reason to vote for him.
JUST EDUCATE YOURSELVES BEFORE YOU VOTE, LEARN WHERE THESE PEOPLE STAND! REMEMBER THIS PERSON WILL LEAD US FOR THE NEXT FOUR YEARS AND WILL HAVE SOME VERY IMPORTANT DECISIONS TO MAKE THAT WILL AFFECT US ALL.
231.
ENDEsq.
Friday, January 4, 2008 /
The only positive thing that GWB has done: get everyone interested enough in politics to learn as much as they possibly can. Thanks, CL, for putting this information out there for all of us. Now, I hope everyone heads out there to vote in the primaries or caucus. The Iowa caucuses proved exciting - let’s see what New Hampshire’s primary elections hold. GO OBAMA GO!!
232.
Tina4rmN.Oeast
Friday, January 4, 2008 /
Thanx for the clarification!!!!
233.
ja
Friday, January 4, 2008 /
@Allyson
Obama was born in Hawaii to a african father and a american mother. He did not move to America until his college years. Hawaii is not a state and I don’t believe thay can vote there.The only reason he can vote is because his Mother is from Kansas. If seems unfair seeimg how if you are American Samoan and you move to America when your 10 you cant run but Hey can you do.
234.
ja
Friday, January 4, 2008 /
I’m I the anyone who didnt know Obama was on drugs, Sounds like That major from DC I know there is an educated person some where who went to school to learn instead of getting high. Can we find that person that’s who I want to vote for.
235.
J. Dakar
Friday, January 4, 2008 /
#233: Hawaii is a state and Hawaiians can vote. In the last two presidential elections, though, Hawaii has shown the lowest voter participation in the country. According to an elections reporter for The Honolulu Advertiser, candidates don’t bother to campaign much in Hawaii because it’s heavily Democratic.
Peace and blessings,
J. Dakar
236.
Yusef X
Friday, January 4, 2008 /
No allyson
YOU need to do more research
ron paul has written several books and has many COMPREHENSIVE interviews that go into detail about how he plans to implement the transition away from socialism to freedom and liberty.
People ONLY need medicaire, medicaid because of managed care system. Before Richard Nixon and the Manage care system in cooberation with big pharm and the FDA. Most people had a family doctor and a 1 to 1 relationship. people paid direclty for doctors visits, and when they didnt need a doctor they didnt pay taxes to insurance companies when they didnt need any care. You pay taxes to insurance companies but dont even know it.
Welfare is not needed if there is solid currency backed by a resource like a metal…gold, silver,paladiam for instance. Money under solid currency is worth its face value. Because of inflation the Us dollar is worth 2 cents. That means if you had solid currency all goods and services would be reduced by 500 percent. Do you remember hearing about 10 cent loafs of bread?. That was pre federal reserve pre IRS days.
So what Obama in contrast to Paul is proposing is status quo and mere bandaids for problems that need surgery.
237.
ja
Friday, January 4, 2008 /
j. Dakar
Thank you for that information
238.
ja
Friday, January 4, 2008 /
@Yusef X
Welfare is and was always need, even when bread as 10 cents there was welfare
239.
YO
Friday, January 4, 2008 /
@ JA (#233),
Since when was Hawaii not a state in America? Listed in Alphabetical order, Hawaii comes right after Georgia and right before Idaho. (I don’t know if anyone remembers that song “50 Nifty United States” from back in the ’80s, but it’s burned into my brain).
240.
ja
Friday, January 4, 2008 /
My bad on the Hawaii thing
241.
YO
Saturday, January 5, 2008 /
LOL. It’s okay
242.
tjack25
Saturday, January 5, 2008 /
lol@ Hawaii not being a state….I guess Alaska isn’t one either
243.
Primary
Saturday, January 5, 2008 /
TO Lydia and Dashon:
please learn to read and stop assuming things. i’ll reiterate again, if all the democratic candidates are talking about doing the same things, which they all are by the way, then of course i’m going to vote for the black guy. you see how i said, “if all the democratic candidates are talking about doing the same things” that means i did do my research and have been paying attention to what’s been going on and have concluded that they all want to do the same things maybe a little differently but all in all they’re the same things. so if they all want to do the same thing then i’m going to vote for the the guy that looks like me, white people do it all the time. it’s second nature to gravitate toward the person that looks like you and that you can identify with stop trying to fight it, lol.
i also know that all candidates and politicians do is make promises and tell lies. now don’t get me wrong, i think for the most part they all mean well but there’s only so much you can do as a president, George Bush not included because that mfker has been able to do whatever the f8k he’s wanted to and nobody seems to be able to stop him, lol, even though he meets some opposition every now and then and has to compromise he still seems to get his way in the end. so i think whoever wins the presidency will spend their first term cleaning up all the mess that Bush has gotten us into, so who better to be the janitor then the black guy— Obama, lol.
now if he was unqualified and was talking a bunch of crazy mess then no i wouldn’t consider Barack (shoot i just realized i been spelling his name wrong, he’s going to have to do something about his name, lol), but he’s not he’s as qualified as the rest of them and he’s black, so that’s a plus in my book. i bet some of you people preferred playing with white dolls as opposed to black dolls when y’all were younger, yeah i know that was a low blow but y’all made me go there when you called me stupid!! lol
and to clarify, i’m not saying that i support all black people and their endeavors but if a black person is doing something positive and is genuine then i will make sure to go out of my way to support them. but to each his own. i’m sure all black people didn’t support MLK or Malcolm X when they were leading their movements and they were fighting for OUR rights so i def. don’t expect all black people to support Barack.
244.
SoSad
Saturday, January 5, 2008 /
I agree with Ashley….
We have had mostly white presidents…some that were concerned with the issues of minorities and many not…..just when they needed to collect votes.
I’m ready for this intelligent BLACK man to step into office and pay attention to our needs. We stay steady talking about how our culture, especially in the entertainment world, is mainly about flashy cars, big booty hoes, rappers that make songs with no meaningful messages….and we finally have a chance to put a positive BLACK leader in office and ppl debating about Barack b/c we shouldn’t vote for him only on the basis of his blackness.
Ok I’ll agree with that ..but you know what? I’m tired of putting off helping shape our black communities because we are constantly tearing down eachother and never wanna be happy about our own ppl trying to do something positive.
And let me be frank…..and I state: THERE WILL NEVER BE ANYONE *BETTER* OR MORE *QUALIFIED* TO ADDRESS THE NEEDS OF THE BLACK COMMUNITIY BESIDES A BLACK PRESIDENT.
VOTE OBAMA! 2008
245.
SoSad
Saturday, January 5, 2008 /
And one more time……
THERE WILL NEVER BE ANYONE *BETTER* OR MORE *QUALIFIED* TO ADDRESS THE NEEDS OF THE BLACK COMMUNITIY BESIDES A BLACK PRESIDENT.
VOTE OBAMA! 2008
246.
aijuswannasay
Saturday, January 5, 2008 /
OH WOW!!! I THOUGHT I WAS GOING TO HAVE TO GET ON JA FOR THAT HAWAII COMMENT BUT I SEE J DAKAR WAS THERE TO THE RESCUE, LMAO!!! BUT EVEN STILL IT’S COOL, I BLAME THE PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM, LOL!
AS LONG AS YOU KNOW NOW…
& @ JAJA, YOU WOULDN’T HAPPEN TO BE FROM THE CHI WOULD YOU???
247.
Jellee
Saturday, January 5, 2008 /
First and foremost the Iowa Cacuse was the most entertaining thing to watch…I was happy that Obama pulled out a victory in this state because it is very conservative. I think it was all the republicans that crossed over that allowed Obama and Edwards to surge past Clinton. However, I am still happy on Hillary’s side because 4 years of Hillary means for years of Bill. Don’t get me wrong if Edwards, Obama or Clinton clinch the Democratic Nomination then they will make a great presiden….t but I LOVE BILL CLINTON!!!
248.
Yusef X
Saturday, January 5, 2008 /
“For this reason special emphasis is given to the writers and the educators of the kingdom of god concerning the power to define : the power to direct minds and conditions that will cause specific results in a struggle. The Power to Define is as important as the power to control. In fact, the power to define is one of the greatest weapons that can be used to control men and nations”
Black people
WAKE UP
YOU ARE BEING MISLED
ARENT YOU WORRIED ABOUT POLICE STATISM?
WAR ON DRUGS?
ECONOMY?
OBAMA IS NOT YOUR MAN
RON PAUL 2008
249.
Tonya
Saturday, January 5, 2008 /
This is an exciting time in our nation’s history. The outcome of the Iowa caucus is a clear demonstration that the country is ready and is in desperate need of change–the race of the change agent isn’t important. It is about the man and what he stands for–if one of the whitest states in America can see that, why can’t we? The time is now. OBAMA 08.
250.
Yusef X
Saturday, January 5, 2008 /
WHAT DOES OBAMA STAND FOR?
251.
SultryGurl
Saturday, January 5, 2008 /
Go 38!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! I agree whole-heartedly.
Great post J….such a breath of fresh air!!!!!
252.
Have Not Thought of a New User Name
Saturday, January 5, 2008 /
After watching the debates and doing some research I am an Obama supporter. I am happy with the Iowa win and wish him the best.
253.
mizzlizz
Saturday, January 5, 2008 /
so according to some people’s comments on this post, you have to be considered ugly to be taken seriously.
sorry j, you are deemed far too attractive to be CL’s political contributor…so therefore your assessments are invalid.
254.
LETSLOVE!
Saturday, January 5, 2008 /
We kill eachother, rob eachother, hate on one another, etc. WHERE IS THE LOVE? Anyone who simply bashes black people for their ignorance is A PART OF THE PROBLEM!
I think the forum that has been created here is absolutely wonderful - this is where conversations about politics are needed the most. If people ARE uninterested in politics it has GOT to be for lack of knowledge because we ought to be able to realize the impact this has on each and every one of our everyday lives & the lives of our children.
For everyone who has reached a little farther, dug a little deeper and strived to educate themselves on the issues that effect them - congratulations. Now pay it forward. Give back. It’s your turn to educate others. To whom much is given much is expected. Re-direct your passion.
Don’t we get bashed enough? Doesn’t the media do a good enough job? Lets use this place to inspire one another - not provoke anger. We are ALL frustrated with the current condition of our people. DO SOMETHING ABOUT IT.
I commend you, CL, for doing something about it.
With Love,
LETSLOVE!
255.
kartia78
Sunday, January 6, 2008 /
#34. I live in NC and I see people white and black who have Obama stickers on their cars. While I was at work, I saw a man, who happened to be white, that had an Obama button on. When I asked him why he was supporting Obama, he admitted he wanted a change and he felt Obama was the man to do it. Don’t pigeonhole NC as a racist state due to ignorant people that still display confederate flags.
I believe that things are changing and will continue to change, not only in NC, but America as a whole .When I read that black people are saying that America is not ready for a Black president, it offends me. If we as a people don’t believe, why should anyone else?
256.
Shalonie
Tuesday, January 8, 2008 /
i really agree with 34, all this stuff going on, i cant wait to see the results
257.
DIDDY
Tuesday, January 8, 2008 /
5^hit w@5^ p0ppin with y@ll d@wg5^ 0ut th3r di5^ y@ b^0y diddy fr0m cklinton n,ck w3 ju5^t 9-m@ckin r0und h3@r 93tin d@t b^r3@d. 3@5^t 5^id3 2 @ll d@ B^l00d ni99@5^ & h@ppy n3w y3@r5^
258.
Jaana
Tuesday, January 8, 2008 /
Hilary doesn’t give a flipp about you, she just wants your vote and will say anything to get it!
Did you know that the reason millions of people are incarcerated for crack cocaine three- strikes -you’re -out is because clinton signed the bill making it mandatory?
What about powder cocaine? That was o.k. with the clintons because it was used in very large quantities by rich whites so the clintons obviously were on a mission to do damage to the african american community—and they did because many of these same brother are probably infected with hiv, and thus deemed damaged goods.
All hillary wants is power–she cares only about power…. I really dislike dumb azz people who can only see white when considering a presidential candidate.
Dumb azz ni**as who are used to being mistreated and still wanting some more!!
Mental illness runs deep in the black community and for sure comes in many forms.
Honestly, all I can do is shake my head at those of you who will continue to support the same ‘ole B*ll Sh*t folks who never gave a damn about you and never will.
Hillary will however say whatever she must to get in where she fits in….
Be aware of hillary because she is a bush clone in disguise!!!
O B A M A FOR P R E S I D E N T
259.
stlchick
Wednesday, January 9, 2008 /
Thanks for posting this information. As a young 18 year old that will be voting for the first time this year, I am happy and grateful to be able to come to the Loop and find out some vital info. Thanks again.
260.
D. Harvey
Friday, February 1, 2008 /
So what is the point to everyone voting if only the delegates can cast the only actual vote that counts? I think every vote should be counted and actually mean something. There’s so much pressure to get out and vote but in all actuality our vote really means nothing. And what is the electoral college’s role in general elections? I think its just about the same as the delegates in the primary elections. It just doesn’t make sense. Can someone explain that to me?
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