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BLACK HISTORY SPOTLIGHT: MARY ELLEN PLEASANT

Thursday, July 10, 2008

Mary Ellen Pleasant (1814-1904) was an abolitionist, businesswoman and entrepreneur during the Gold Rush.

Born the illegitimate daughter of an enslaved voodoo priestess and a Virginia governor’s son on August 19, 1814, near Augusta, Georgia, Mary had no last name. She witnessed a plantation overseer murder her mother and was sold at the age of nine and sent to work as a linen worker at the Ursuline Convent in New Orleans.

Following her service there, she worked as a free servant to Louis Alexander Williams, a Cincinnati merchant. He promised that after she served for some time, she would be freed. However, Williams, in debt and jealous of his wife Ellen’s affection for Mary, placed her in nine years of indenture with an aging Quaker merchant known as Grandma Hussey in Nantucket, Massachusetts. Indentured servants could be of any race, and Mary was told not to reveal her race since she could pass for white. She also adopted Ellen Williams’ name, becoming Mary Ellen Williams.

The Husseys were abolitionists and it was through them that Mary met most of the prominent members of the movement during her youth on Nantucket. Around 1841, she married a wealthy mulatto merchant/contractor named James Smith who was also a slave rescuer on the Underground Railroad. The two worked to help slaves flee to safety in Canada and safe states. When Smith died three years later, he left Mary a $45,000 fortune and a plantation run by freedmen near Harper’s Ferry, Virginia.

Around 1848, she began a partnership/marriage with John James Pleasants, though no records exist of it. Smith had left instructions for her to continue the work after his death and so they did. Increasing attention from slavers forced them to move to New Orleans a couple of years later. Pleasants was a relative of the husband of Marie Laveau and she and Mary consulted before the Pleasants went to San Francisco in April 1852.

Mary had no “freedom papers” so she passed herself off as white while she worked as a steward and cook in a boardinghouse and invested in real estate and other business activities. She became successful at leveraging social change that many called her San Francisco’s “Black City Hall”. Her money and activities helped ex-slaves avoid extradition, start businesses and find employment in hotels, homes and on steamships and railroads of California.

In 1858, Pleasant returned East, bought land to house escaped slaves and aided John Brown both with money and by riding in advance of his raid at Harper’s Ferry encouraging slaves to join him. Although it was extremely risky, Mary Ellen Pleasant believed slavery had to be ended by force. “I’d rather be a corpse than a coward,” was her motto.

Following the Emancipation Proclamation, she returned to San Francisco to find that her investments had amassed a fortune estimated at $30 million. She then publicly changed her racial designation in the City Directory from “white” to “black” and led the Franchise League movement that earned blacks the right to testify in court and to ride the trolleys. Her lawsuit in 1868 against the North Beach and Mission Railroad was used as a precedent in 1982 to achieve contemporary civil rights.

Mary Ellen Pleasant became one of the most influential women in San Francisco’s early history. She died in 1904 at the age of 89. On her tombstone is inscribed “the mother of civil rights in California”.

RELATED LINKS / REFERENCES: Wikipedia, Mary Ellen Pleasant, AA Registry
CL Reader Have Not Thought of a New User Name

Concrete Loop features ‘Black History Spotlights’ each week honoring black people who have played pivotal roles in history. submissions are welcome.

99 CommentsCOMMENT?

Posted by: J. Dakar

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99 Comments


COMMENT PAGES: [1] 2 » Show All

1.

Greg_Arious

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Yay Mary Ellen, now wheres the post about Jesse Jackson’s remarks about Obama??

2.

DAME(I JUST HAVE ONE THING TO SAY)

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

I read about Mary in high school

I am with Greg what did Jesse say about Obama I heard him on CNN saying he was sorry .

3.

toya1

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Wooooooooooooooow! What a great woman! Thanks as always, Concreteloop!

4.

ChicDcChick

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Seriously, thank you for posting important stories like this.

5.

cc

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

I always enjoy these posts. Little nuggetts of history!

6.

vanity6

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

that was great. never knew anything about pre-war black people in CA-esp. in the Bay AND she helped john brown-amazing. it truly amazes me what our ancestors endured in this country. thanks cl.

7.

Deena

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

What an amazing women. That makes me so proud. And I do not know why I keep thinking this in my mind but the way she got her first last name makes me wonder how my family got their last name you know since we have a lot of lost history. Stuff like this just bugs me and makes me frustrated that it’s like a mystery. But I will find out one day. Thanks concrete loop. Glad to know about her though because she did great things.

8.

vanity6

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

dame he said he wants to “cut off his nuts” b/c he thinks he’s “talking down to black ppl” when he gives moral be a father speeches to black crowds. as if to say white dads don’t need to do better and jesse feels he’s pandering to conservative whites. all this was off camera. obama issued a very classy statement about how he was raised w/out a dad so he has every right basically to say this and he accepted jesse’s apology. jesse act like obama got all bill cosby w/it. i have immens respect for rev. jackson’s accomplishments but i do think he’s jealous. his son who’s a senator issued a statement about how he doesn’t agree w/his dads harmful statements. (thank you the today show, lol)

9.

Genuine Lady

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Good read. Thanks

10.

SexyLexi

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

I am ashamed to have never heard of Mrs. Pleasants. But now I am very pleased to have learned this great piece of black history. BTW, Jesse Jackson though his mic was off during an interview when he. Told some guy (sorry I forgot his name) that he thinks Obama “talks down to blacks” and he’d like to “cut his nuts off” then he did a snipping hand gesture. As much as I love Obama the whole scenario was tasteless yet quite funny. *snipping hand gesture*

11.

mel

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

That was a deep story. Great job CL!

Jesse Jackson is a a$$hole. As my grandpa would always say if you cant say something nice then dont say nothing at all. Keep ur mouth shut Jesse!!!.

12.

DAME(I JUST HAVE ONE THING TO SAY)

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

@vanity6 thank you

Jesse is jealous of Obama because he has made it to the actual nomination and he will be the next president. It is truly sad Jesse could have pulled Obama to the side or met with him in private to discuss how he felt. It’s like you know when you don’t like somebody and you wait until they leave to talk about them. Poor Jesse and he was being interviewed by FOX news of all channels he should have known to keep his mouth shut. SMDH

13.

S. faire

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Thank you SO much for pointing out that she was also a great assist to the underground railroad.

14.

SexyLexi

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Excuse my previous typos!
I must also say that I reject(to use my fave political verb) Jesse Jackson’s statements about Obama. Obama ‘08

15.

MR MR

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Jesse Jackson needs to SIT HIS ASS DOWN

16.

vanity6

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

sure thing dame and agreed!

17.

Fifi

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

STOP WRITING ABOUT MULATTOS
How can you write about “BLACK history”, if you talk about mixed people all the time?

18.

conasto

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

I love spotlight these posts CL, i always read them with my mouth hung open lol

19.

Chrystal

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

What a remarkable woman! A true inspiration.

20.

mrs sands

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

$30 mil in the 1800’s? DAYUM!

21.

Not_An_Angell

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

I love these stories. Very inspirational.

As far as Jesse: Shut up. Obama can speak on black fathers all he wants to because he knows firsthand. And so does Jesse with his illegitimate child that he denied!! Where were his morals and *snip snip* then. Maybe Jesse felt that Obama was calling him out. He’s just salty.

22.

Aries

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Great Post!! I always enjoy these Black History Post

23.

jessica

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

i swear this is what makes your website the best. i love my black people.

24.

Original Truth (I don't care if ya get mad)

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Excellent post as usual! I am once again enlightened!!!

25.

J2

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

@ 17 just take the post for what it is please a BLACK HISTORY POST separating the post into “real black” and mulatto post doesn’t do any good whatsoever. there were a lot of mixed ppl and even she considered herself black. Let it go its really not that serious.

26.

msmuffin_24

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

i’m happy that black people can accomplish ANYTHING!

27.

Da Diva

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Wow, what a great post CL. Getting these little nuggets of history is great because it shows evidence of our greatness as a people. If only we could internally embrace our legacy more deeply perhaps we could overcome some of the self inflicted obstacles we place in our own paths sometime. Our ancestors went out and “got theirs”, at a time when nobody was trying to give them a damn thing, and worked hard to achieve and accomplish great things. Where is that spirit in our community today?

28.

Da Diva

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

@ #17

UNREAL. If you are a Black person, it is people like you with attitudes like yours that keep Black folks from moving forward!!!!

Ms. Pleasant did not have a choice about being “mulatto”; that just happened to be the way she was born. But she did have a choice about helping her people and she did just that, she didn’t turn her back on them LIKE YOU DO!!!!

Amen @#25!

29.

Mel

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Hey CL!
Is it just me or does Cree Summer resemble the right-side pic of Ms. Pleasant?
I think we should do a “separated at birth” or a “who rocked it better” with a pic of Cree and Ms. Pleasant! LOL!

30.

H-Town Chic***

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

I never heard of Mary Ellen Pleasant but I’m glad I know now.

Somebody needs to cut Jesse’s nutts, dumbass comments!!!!

31.

61

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

I love this posting about mary ellen i never read about the black history part but im going to start to see what my people did back in the day. I be so hype up about the celebrity part never read black history part.

32.

TS

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

I love reading about our black ancestory/history. It is such a beautiful thing.
I just wished that the black youth of today held the same values that our ancestors did. SMH

*sigh*

33.

More than a HAND FULL

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Beautiful is all I can say in regarrds. “I’d rather be a corpse than a coward” Motivational.

Regarding Jesse, I have no clue when civil rights leader sold their souls for fame and he thinks he’s a Reverend.

http://www.thelifeandthoughts.blogspot.com

WAKE UP!!!!!!

34.

TS

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Jackson Apologizes for Obama Remarks
By Brian Stelter

Updated The Rev. Jesse Jackson apologized Wednesday for critical comments he made about Senator Barack Obama that were picked up by a Fox News Channel microphone.

(More from The Times’s Jeff Zeleny here.)

According to various reports, Mr. Jackson made disparaging remarks, apparently including a crude reference to male genitalia, about how Mr. Obama was talking to black people.

In a statement Wednesday afternoon, Mr. Jackson, a former Democratic candidate for president, said: “For any harm or hurt that this hot mic private conversation may have caused, I apologize. My support for Senator Obama’s campaign is wide, deep and unequivocal. I cherish this redemptive and historical moment.”

He later held a news conference, during which he traced the history of the civil rights movement. He said he was passionate about Mr. Obama’s campaign and hoped his remarks wouldn’t distract from it, saying the campaign represented too many dreams and sacrifices made in the past. Mr. Jackson apologized after Fox News said it would be broadcasting the remarks on “The O’Reilly Factor” Wednesday night.

According to a Fox spokeswoman, Mr. Jackson was recorded speaking to Reid Tuckson, an executive vice president at United Health Group, when both men were about to be interviewed on “Fox & Friends” Sunday morning.

Bill O’Reilly, the host of “The O’Reilly Factor,” plans to play the exchange. At least one of the words will be bleeped, the spokeswoman confirmed.

Mr. Jackson’s comments were apparently in reaction to a recent speech Mr. Obama gave, saying that he felt Mr. Obama was “talking down to black people.”

Update: Mr. Jackson’s remarks — or some of them — were broadcast tonight. And Mr. O’Reilly announced: “I want to tell everybody that we held back some of this conversation, and we did that because we didn’t feel that it had any relevance to the conversation this evening. I just want to make this very clear. We’re not out to get Jesse Jackson. We’re not out to embarrass him and we’re not out to make him look bad. If we were, we would have used what we have, which is more damaging than what you heard.”

In his statement earlier today, Mr. Jackson said:

“My appeal was for the moral content of his message to not only deal with the personal and moral responsibility of black males, but to deal with the collective moral responsibility of government and the public policy which would be a corrective action for the lack of good choices that often led to their irresponsibility.”

Presumably trying to get ahead of the controversy, Mr. Jackson also appeared by telephone on CNN Wednesday afternoon. He said the remark was “very private, and very much a sound bite,” and added that he had called Mr. Obama’s campaign to “send my statement of apology.”

Bill Burton, a spokesman for the Obama campaign issued this statement after Mr. Jackson’s news conference: “As someone who grew up without a father in the home, Senator Obama has spoken and written for many years about the issue of parental responsibility, including the importance of fathers participating in their children’s lives. He also discusses our responsibility as a society to provide jobs, justice, and opportunity for all. He will continue to speak out about our responsibilities to ourselves and each other, and he of course accepts Reverend Jackson’s apology.”

The reverend’s son, Congressman Jesse Jackson Jr., issued this rebuke of his father:

“I’m deeply outraged and disappointed in Reverend Jackson’s reckless statements about Senator Barack Obama. His divisive and demeaning comments about the presumptive Democratic nominee — and I believe the next president of the United States — contradict his inspiring and courageous career.


“The remarks like those uttered on Fox by Reverend Jackson do not advance the campaign’s cause of building a more perfect union.

“Reverend Jackson is my dad and I’ll always love him. He should know how hard that I’ve worked for the last year and a half as a national co-chair of Barack Obama’s presidential campaign. So, I thoroughly
reject and repudiate his ugly rhetoric. He should keep hope alive and any personal attacks and insults to himself.”

35.

trinity

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

it’s sad they don’t teach us that in school

36.

Ladyssolady

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

That’s crazy because I was just on ursuline st. JJ needs to be quiet because he is jealous.

37.

zach

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

WOWWWWWWW. GOD BLESS HER

38.

Smoothcriminal

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

What a GREAT woman and very courageous. Her quote, “I`d rather be a corpse than a coward”, POWERFUL… It`s people like her, Harriett Tubman, Sojourner Truth, Nat Turner, Marcus Garvey, Malcolm X, Patrice Lumumba, etc. whom we should hold in high esteem. For they are the TRUE heroes; not our atheletes and entertainers. Nothing against them but we, as a people, should understand that our people who fought and gave their lives for liberty can never be underestimated.

We all should research more, because I wonder how many more Mary Ellen Pleasants have been lost in our history; just a thought…

39.

que

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

whooooooooooooooooooooooo i love being black!

40.

Aries

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

@ #38 Very Well Said!

41.

JamYute

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

This is fascinating, I just wish that black men and women around the world would recognize the level of hardships our fore parents went through just so we can see black people in all their glory on a website just like this. It is amazing how we go around killing each other, degrading each other and facilitating the disrespect of each other not remembering the struggles that we all as black people had to come through. People like Mrs. Pleasant are why we have the freedoms that we have today and can have stations like BET, Magazines like ESSENCE and above all why we can have a black PRESIDENT.

Thank you so much for sharing this with me J.Dakar, Cause to tell you the truth I needed this this morning. Am happy to know that people fought for me and I must therefore never give up but fight for what I want too.

Thank you!!!!!!!

42.

Beyonce = George Bush

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Great story. I’ve heard about this women in school.

Obama ‘08. Ignorance is a bliss.

43.

Sarah

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

OMG! This woman was AWESOME. I am ashamed to say I never heard of her…heading over to amazon right now to see what books I can find and buy about her…thanks Concrete Loop for these beautiful nuggets of our history.

44.

MAI03

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

@#17,

How can you say something like that? In case you forgot, “Massa” was in the slave quarters evry night raping the black women slaves impregnating them and so forth. Why do you think our beautiful black race is so many lovely shades of brown? If you are a Black person making those comments you need to check your self, if you are of any other race, then may i suggest you do a little research before you make such an ignorant comment.

Mulattos were slaves as well, bought and sold just like the African’s who were brought over to America. And every Black person can not say they are 100% African until they trace their family roots all the way back to their family’s tribe in Africa. Watch the PBS special if you already haven’t that comes on every year during Black History Month called “African American Lives” it’s hosted by a gentleman named Henry

45.

MAI03

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Continued…
Louis Gates Jr and he traces black families tree’s. He always finds European ancestry in every family he traces. So my point is mulatto’s are going to be in Black History, they are a part of Black History and are considered Black. So just get over it!

46.

TS

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

@ 42

Just curious, what made you pick that screen name? LOL

47.

bella

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

I am in total shock that someone who took time out of their day to read this informative post will say that black history ought not to be about mulattos. Utter ridiculousness. You and I both know that as far as you have a drop of blood in you you are black in this country and this was even more true then, the white community didnt give a flying fuck if you were biracial.One thing that remains clear is that there is so much hate that resides within the black community;it is overwhelming. We like to pick and choose moments when we claim people of mixed descent.You do not hear anyone saying oh Booker T washington was mixed so yeah we are not going to acknowlege him in the black community Oh and did you know Malcolm X is of white descent I know that one must take some of you by surprise. We would not even bring ourselves to go into the mxed ancestry of say Bob Marley but once its a woman and once the racial mix is with white, we loose sight of what is important. I hope and pray that one that we as a community can reclaim our minds and sensibility cause we have certainly lost it.
In fact I encourage everyone to read Tripping on the color line. Very fascinating and eye opening stuff as to how confused the African American community really is when it comes to our definition of race. We can call the white community every name in the book but confused is not one of them. They defined being black as having a drop of black blood and they have stuck with it. But the black community we keep making these adjustments as to what it means to be black. There are warring ideals; we want to place a stamp on some biracial people as though we make them honorary blacks based on what they have done.You want to say some biracial people are black some need to remain biracial, it doesn’t add up. The logic is so flawed and so skewed its ridiculous.

48.

bella

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

I have no words for the Jesse Jackson saga SMH

49.

BOOG

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

No disrespect intended…but to those wanting to know about Jesses comments
u can go to cnn.com just like u can come to concreteloop…..we gotta get on them real news sites, cause they are tryna slip alot of stuff by us.

50.

A.S.C.

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Thank you for this post, I always enjoy the little known history facts that you post! “I rather be a corpse than a coward”. . .my kind of woman!!

51.

Niobe

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

And despite her mulatto status, her actions benefited a great number of black-black people, and as such she’s a testament to black history.

52.

Pretty4261

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

LOVES IT. Thank you so much. I”m from San Francisco, born and raised and was NEVER EVER taught this information in ANY school I went to. Unfortunately, many of my friends and family (also S.F. natives) new nothing of this woman. S.F. STAND UP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

53.

MW09

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

She was such an amazing women….I DEFINITELY SHOULD HAVE LEARNED ABOUT HER IN AMERICAN HISTORY LAST YEAR!!!!! Thanks J. Dakar for keeping me informed. I LOVE these black history spotlights, they teach me so much!!!

54.

Sideshow Bob

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Thanks for the post;)\
I am now curious to know what businesses she started and are they thriving today. Help us out ‘loop lol

55.

divainva

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

I agree with poster #17 . She would be a white women because her father is “white” . You are the seed of your father .

56.

vanity6

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

FIFI’s ignorant, go away, lol “mulattos” not even the correct term you fool-it’s 2008 get with it

57.

Tealeaf

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

She was amazing

58.

tenderoni

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

A great read! I need to start paying more attention to these segments.

59.

QDeezy

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

WOWWW

i honestly never read ANY of j. dakar’s ‘black history spotlights’, but for some reason her picture jumped out at me.

very…INFORMATIVE

i’ll have to start taking more notice to these tidbits of knowledge.

60.

why?

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

God Bless Mary Ellen Pleasant

61.

Lteefaw

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Great great story. Keep up the good work.

62.

MEYOU

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

@ post #55

50% percent of a child’s genes come from the mother and the other 50% from the father. But that still doesnt matter because back then it didnt matter which parent was black or white.. you were still considered to be black if one of the parents was black.

63.

india617

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Great post CL. I love these kinds of post. I especially love to read about the black women. Its important for us to know about more than Rosa Parks and Harriett Tubman. There are others that contributed a lot to our history and american culture.

64.

Rhapsody

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

That was beautiful! Thanks Loop! :)

65.

~*aShLeY*~

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

AUGUSTA!!! WHOOP WHOOP, lol

66.

MS KELLS

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

I LOOK FORWARD THE BLACK HISTORY SPOTLIGHTS EACH WEEK ON MY LUNCH BREAK. THIS MAY BE THE BEST ONE YET. KEEP UP THE GOOD WORK, CL!!!

67.

Tina4rmN.Oeast

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

and another one!!!! I love thess highlights. I wonder how she is a relative of Marie Laveau because I know many of her decendents.

68.

Black_Therapist

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Great Post…she epitomize strength, courage & wisdom.

Also, even when it seemed she was down her hardwork and dedication paid off in the end. After being promise freedom, her master reneged sold her and for more years she work as a slaved. Then, she was able to see the calm after the storm….$30 million dollars later. Weeping may endure for the night but joy comes in the morning!!!

This is what student’s should be learning….

69.

ebony

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

365 black
its good to read something positive about black people.

70.

LiyahPearl

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Great Post

71.

divainva

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

@ 62 I beg to differ . Your father determines your race , If you feel otherwise take it up with GOD , Im just the messenger. This woman lived as a white women for the majority of her life . She was treated as a “black” by the people who knew her mother’s race . She past as “white” because that’s what she was . Im not taking away anything she did as a person . Regardless of her race she made great accomplishments but she was a “white” women .

72.

SIERRA B.

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Amazing! Loved it! Keep’ em coming..

74.

moxpoe1

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

Great Read……..I heard the name before but never the story.

Thanks for posting this.

75.

SHANNONNNON

Thursday, July 10, 2008 /

this post put a smile on my face ! i am happy with my new knowledge! thanks CL

–if your knowledge were your wealth then it would be well earned !

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